Medical specialties are several fields of Medicine for the treatment of cancer patients in the area of Clinical Oncology or Clinical Oncology. Focused on the study and clinical and drug treatment of Cancer and Malignant Tumors, the work is formed by a trio of fundamental medical specialties against the disease, which are: Oncological Surgery (or Surgical Oncology); Radio-oncology (or Radiotherapy); and Clinical Oncology.
There are also medical subspecialties in Oncology: Radiation Oncology; Surgical oncology; Medical oncology; Interventional Oncology; Gynecological Oncology; Pediatric Oncology; Neuro-oncology; Hemato-oncology and Uro-oncology.
Types of cancer treatments
- The main medical procedures to treat cancer are: Surgery (among them, Biopsy, Staging, Curative Surgery, Partial Surgery, Palliative Surgery, Supportive Surgery, Reconstructive Surgery and Prophylactic Surgery);
- Chemotherapy (Curative, Adjuvant, Neoadjuvant or Prior and Palliative);
- Immunotherapy (Adoptive T Cells, Checkpoint Inhibitors, Monoclonal Antibodies and Vaccines);
- Targeted therapy (genes, proteins or the specific tissue environment of the tumor);
- Radiotherapy (RT3D, RT2D, IMRT, REF, RCIR and IGRT);
- Hormone Therapy (Surgery, Supraphysiological Dose, Enzyme Inhibitors, Anti-hormones), which can be applied in combination or separately.
REFERENCES:
[INCA, Accessed on 09/15/2021 >> https://www.inca.gov.br/tratamento/cirurgia]
[NEWS MEDICAL LIFE SCIENCES, Accessed 9/15/2021 >> https://www.news-medical.net/health/Oncology-Specialties-(English).aspx]
[TUA SAÚDE, Accessed on 09/15/2021 >> https://www.tuasaude.com/efeitos-colaterais-da-quimioterapia/]
[SÃO LUIZ DOR NETWORK, Accessed on 09/15/2021 >> https://www.rededorsaoluiz.com.br/especialidades/oncologia]
[NEO SAÚDE, Accessed on 09/15/2021 >> https://neo.med.br/oncologia-clinica-cancerologia-clinica/]
[TUA SAÚDE, Accessed on 09/15/2021 >> https://www.tuasaude.com/como-funciona-a-imunoterapia/]
[ONCOGUIA, Accessed on 09/15/2021 >> http://www.oncoguia.org.br/conteudo/terapiaalvo/7208/840/#:~:text=A%20terapia%2Dalvo%20%C3%A9%20um,crescimento%20e%20sobrevida%20do%20tumor]
[THE. C. Camargo Cancer Center, Accessed on 09/15/2021 >> https://www.accamargo.org.br/sobre-o-cancer/tratamento-oncologico/radioterapia]
[WE CARE SKIN, Accessed on 09/15/2021 >> https://www.wecareskin.com/blog/o-que-e-hormonioterapia-e-como-funciona]
[ABRALE, Accessed on 09/15/2021 >> https://www.abrale.org.br/informacoes/tratamentos/quimioterapia/#:~:text=O%20tratamento%20com%20quimioterapia%20pode,sens%C3%ADvel%20e%20at%C3%A9%20mesmo%20infertilidade.]
[ONCOGUIA, Accessed on 09/15/2021 >> http://www.oncoguia.org.br/conteudo/efeitos-colaterais/4632/698/]
